Development of a questionnaire to measure the level of. The scale known as reflective thinking questionnaire rtq contains four subscales. Pdf developing a reflective thinking tendency scale for. In this study, criterion sampling was employed, one of the purposeful sampling methods. The purpose of this study was to adapt reflective thinking scale to turkish and investigate its validity and reliability over a turkish university students sample. Henderson, napan, and monterio use the term reflective learning to describe consciously thinking about and analyzing actions. Reflective thinking scale for healthcare students and. Reflective thinking, on the other hand, is a part of the critical thinking process referring specifically to the processes of analyzing and making judgments about what has happened. This paper reports the development and testing of such an instrument. Cntxal thinking is reasonable reflective thinking thai is focused on deciding what to believe or do critical thinking so defined involves both dispositions and abilities a. The aim of this study was to determine the current critical and reflective thinking skills of science teacher candidates. An assessment of the rtshsps concurrent validity with the questionnaire for reflective thinking also supported our scales external validity. Outcomes of learning and new thinking, and how you intend to apply your new thinkinglearning.
Validating the persian version of reflective thinking questionnaire. Goajs for a critical thinkingreasoning curriculum1 working definition. Origin the concept reflective thought was introduced by john dewey in 1910 in his how we think, a work designed for teachers. Dewey called reflection a kind of thinking that consists in turning a subject over in the mind and giving it serious thought 1933. Deweys model of inquiry dewey proposed his concept of reflective thinking in his book, how we think 1910, 1933. This paper aims to develop the reflective thinking tendency scale rtts for teachers and student teachers. The development and psychometric validation of a critical. The reflective functioning questionnaire rfq was developed as a brief, easytoadminister screening measure of reflective functioning 3. Modes of reflective thinking one way of manifesting the characteristics of reflective thinking is through modes of delivery.
Evaluation of nursing students reflective writing skills for. Reflective teaching is an inquiry approach that emphasizes an ethic of care, a constructivist approach to teaching, and creative problem solving henderson, 2001 an ethic of care respects the wonderful range of multiple talents and capacities of all individuals regardless of cultural, intellectual, or gender differences. They were requested to answer teachers sense of efficacy scale, the minnesota satisfaction questionnaire, reflective thinking scale, and professional development questionnaire as the main data collection instruments. Reflective thinking is a registered trading name of modular software ltd.
The original california critical thinking scale was developed by facione, facione, and giancarlo in 1998, and adapted to turkish by kokdemir in 2003. Validating the persian version of reflective thinking. The survey, which was adapted from the reflective thinking questionnaire rtq. Findings will provide evidence that critical thinking can be measured with the use of reflective writing and that reflective writing can improve critical thinking. The reflective teaching model what is the reflective teaching model. Reflective thinking scale rts is a 5 point likert scale ranging from 1 corresponding agree completely, 3 to neutral, and 5 to not agree completely, purposed to measure reflective thinking in habitual actions, understanding. Assessing students selfreflective thinking in the classroom. Reflective thinking scale rts is a 5 point likert scale ranging from 1 corresponding agree completely, 3 to neutral, and 5 to not agree completely, purposed to measure reflective thinking in habitual actions, understanding, reflecting and critical reflecting subscale levels. This research intended to examine the influence of english as a foreign language efl teachers selfefficacy, job satisfaction, and reflective thinking on their professional development. The effect of feedback on preservice teachers motivation and. Many courses aim to promote reflective thinking or reflection upon practice, but there is a scarcity of readily usable instruments to determine whether students engage in reflective thinking and, if so, to what extent. One method that may help small groups to make decisions is the reflectivethinking approach. The effects of using different tools in programming teaching.
Scale development and measures initial point for the development of both new ufosv2 scales was the item pool of the ufosv1 questionnaire 4. The data was collected using the motivation scale, the reflective thinking tendencies scale and a semistructured evaluation form of the feedback model designed by the researcher. It is not aimed at capturing the different dimensions of mentalizing for a detailed description of these dimensions, see 4, nor is it aimed at capturing the process of mentalizing as it unfolds in. A logical basis for measuring critical thinking skills.
Platos allegory of the cave discusses the importance of truth through reflection. Reflective thinking will, in this instance, enable you to evaluate not. The main purpose of this study is to develop a reflective thinking scale to determine the reflective thinking levels of secondary school students. In the study reflective thinking skills towards problem solving scale k.
Reflective thinking and simulation survey scale reliability. Pdf many courses aim to promote reflective thinking or reflection. The implication of the questionnaire to assess students selfreflective thinking within the classroom are discussed. Thus, the rtshsp can be considered a reliable instrument for measuring reflective thinking among healthcare students and professionals. This approach was developed by john dewey and has been in. The california critical thinking skills test cctst will measure critical thinking of all students enrolled. Reflective thinking in small groups educational research. Dewey 1933 suggests that reflective thinking is an active, persistent, and careful consideration of a belief or supposed form of. In spss 24 package program, analysis of quantitative data was performed using ttest and mannwhitney u test. The starting place in deweys philosophy and educational theory is the world of everyday life. Development of a questionnaire to measure the level of reflective. Working in groups requires making decisions together.
However, there are strategies available that can help guide a group through the decisionmaking experience. Academic achievement test and reflective thinking scale towards problem solving were applied. Reflective writing skills will be measured by the critical thinking scale. Reflective thinking, critical thinking, reflective thinking scale, validity, reliability.
Analysis on reflective thinking tendencies of student. Dewey 1933 suggests that reflective thinking is an active, persistent, and careful consideration of a belief or supposed form of knowledge, of the grounds that. Data collection tools two main assessment tools were employed in this study, which were the california critical thinking scale and the reflective thinking for problem solving scale. The purpose of this study was to adapt reflective thinking scale to turkish and investigate its. An example have you ever missed the bus and then thought next time ill leave the house 5 minutes earlier. To ensure validity, the constructs measured were derived from the extensive literature on reflective thinking, particularly the writing of mezirow. The allegory begins with a description of prisoners who are. Introduction reflective thinking which is part of the reflective practices of teachers is defined by schon 1987 as the mindful consideration of an individuals professional actions which constitute the critical assessment of behaviours toward developing craftsmanship. This paper describes the use of a revised version of the reflective pedagogical thinking scale sparkslanger, et al. By spending time seriously contemplating the overall process, both during and after the project, it is possible for group members to learn from their experience and work toward improving their group work skills for the future. One of the most widely known scales of reflective thinking was constructed and validated by kember et al.
Scholars differ on the hierarchical nature of reflective thinking but generally agree on three modes or levels. Transformation through reflective practice in librarianship silvia vong introduction the idea of reflection on ones experiences and environment is not a novel one. Aug 21, 2018 the aim of this research is to determine the effects of scratch and alice tools and programming teaching practices on student engagement, reflective thinking and problemsolving skills and computational thinking ct comparatively. Based on a pretest with a group of four experts in scale development, it was determined whether a formative or a reflective measurement model applied for each item. The shapirowilkw test, ttest, and etasquared statistical test were used to analyze the quantitative data, and content analysis was used to analyze the. The effects of using different tools in programming. The study consisted of the control group with constructivist teaching and the experimental group with integrated stem education. The development of a formative and a reflective scale for. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of scratch and alice tools and programming teaching practices on student engagement, reflective thinking and problemsolving skills and computational thinking ct comparatively. Two main assessment tools were employed in this study, which were the california critical thinking scale and the reflective thinking for problem solving scale. Psychometric properties show the ctds is a valid and reliable instrument.
For example, bailin 2002 defines critical thinking as thinking of a particular quality essentially good thinking that meets specified criteria or standards of adequacy and accuracy. Reflective thinking scale rts is a 5 point likert scale ranging from 1 corresponding agree completely, 3 to neutral, and 5 to not agree completely, purposed to measure reflective thinking in. In more recent contributions to educational theory reflective practice has been associated with kolbs experiential learning cycle 1984, with. John dewey 18591952 experience and reflective thinking. Pdf development of a questionnaire to measure the level. Highlights a critical thinking disposition scale ctds was developed. Below is a reflective model developed for nursing by atkins and murphy. Dispositions 1 seek a clear statement ot the thesis or question 2 seek reasons. A quasiexperimental design was used in the research and patterns with pretestposttest control group were chosen for the variables. Evaluation of critical thinking and reflective thinking.
Oct 17, 2017 the purpose of the present paper is to elicit the effects of reflective thinkingbased teaching activities on preservice teachers reflective thinking skills, critical thinking skills, democratic attitudes, and academic achievement. The implication of the questionnaire to assess students self reflective thinking within the classroom are discussed. Developing a reflective thinking tendency scale for. You may be asked to think reflectively at university when completing assignments that draw on your experience in placements or prior employment, or when considering your own skills and experience and where you might. There was confirmatory support for the twofactor model in two different samples. Reflective thinking is essential for success in unpredictable and complex situations such as working with customers or clients. In order to determine the levels of students in terms of reflective thinking skills towards problem solving and their attitudes towards mathematics, the arithmetic mean and.
The 4rs model of reflective thinking r econstructing r easoning r elating r eporting level. The purpose of the original study was to investigate practicum student teachers reflectivity. Pdf the purpose of this study was to adapt reflective thinking scale to turkish and investigate its validity and reliability over a turkish university. Reflective thinking frameworks help you to think and then write reflectively. A study on the relationship between reflective thinking. The sample of the study consisted of 300 students in 6th, 8th and 8th grades in emirdag, afyonkarahisar. Recent research has indicated that parental reflective functioning or mentalization plays a crucial role in the development of a range of healthy adaptations in both parent and child. The effects of reflective thinkingbased teaching activities. In this research, there were 599 cases and 456 of these cases were the students of the. Pdf measuring practicum student teachers reflectivity.
Deweys most basic assumption was that learning improves to. Reflective thinking qrt kember et al, 2000 for use within a cohort of accounting and business studies students. The original scale was used by the developers to assess reflectivity through a structured interview. An overview nichole paradis, lmsw, imhe ivc agenda. Pdf development of a questionnaire to measure the level of. The ib student reflective thinking questionnaire ibsrtq was administered to dp students aged 18 and older at the individual case study sites, to assess their perceptions of their reflective thinking. One of the most widely known scales of reflective thinking was. Reflective thinking is an excellent tool for identifying positive and negative aspects of a group work experience. In this research, there were 599 cases and 456 of these cases were the students of the departments of the turkish language teaching and primary school teaching within grades of 2nd, 3rd and 4th at firat university. Two dimensions critical openness and reflective scepticism were identified. Becoming a reflective teacher sage publications inc.
To ensure validity, the constructs measured were derived from the extensive literature on reflective. The questionnaires were submitted in three different ways. Crown house, 27 old gloucester street, london wc1n 3ax, uk. At the age of ninety he published his last large scale original philosophical work, knowing andthe known 1949, in collaboration with arthur f. Reflective teaching is an inquiry approach that emphasizes an ethic of care, a constructivist approach to teaching, and creative problem solving henderson, 2001.
Eric ej1196043 the impact of integrated stem education on. Twohundred and twelve iranian efl teachers from different universities, language institutes, and schools participated in the research. They were requested to answer teachers sense of efficacy scale, the. Choose a framework and follow the steps to help you gain deeper insight as you reflect.
Analysis of reflective thinking tendency scale scores according to innovativeness groups reflective thinking tendency scale innovative pioneer questioning skeptic ss ss ss ss 791 ayayem seda anen and canan koaak procedia social and behavioral sciences 143 2014 788 a 793 table 3 displays that a. Level of reflective thinking david kember, doris y. Selfreflection, empathetic reflection and reflective communication. An ethic of care respects the wonderful range of multiple talents and capacities of all individuals regardless of cultural, intellectual, or gender differences. Habitual action is defined as what has been learnt before and through frequent use that is performed automatically or with.